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The performance of cold work die steel      
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jcmetal
10/5/2022 3:48:14 PM
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Cấp bậc: Binh nhì

Tham gia: 10/5/2022
Bài viết: 6
Đến từ: dongying

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1. The performance of cold work die steel
1) Higher wear resistance
When the cold work die is working, many frictions are generated between the surface and the blank, and the die must still maintain a low surface roughness value and a high dimensional accuracy in this case to prevent early failure.
Since the hardness and organization of the mold material are important factors affecting the wear resistance of the mold, in order to improve the wear resistance of the cold work mold, the hardness of the mold is usually required to be 30% to 50% higher than the hardness of the workpiece, and the organization of the material is tempered horseradish. Intenite or lower bainite, on which is evenly distributed, fine granular carbides. To achieve this purpose, the mass fraction of carbon in steel is generally above 0.60%.
2) Higher strength and toughness
The strength of the mold refers to the ability of the mold parts to resist deformation and fracture during the working process. Strength index is an important basis for cold work die design and material selection, mainly including tensile yield point, compression yield point, etc. The yield point is an index to measure the plastic deformation resistance of mold parts, and it is also the most commonly used strength index. In order to obtain high strength, in the process of mold manufacturing, the toughness of the mold material should be determined according to the working conditions of the mold. Larger and requires high toughness. For cold work dies under general working conditions, they are usually subjected to multiple impact loads with small energy. The failure mode of the die is fatigue fracture, so the die does not need to have an excessively high impact toughness value.
3) Strong anti-seizure
The bite resistance is actually the resistance to the occurrence of "cold welding". Usually under the condition of dry friction, the tested die steel sample and the material with occlusal tendency (such as austenitic steel) are subjected to constant-speed dual friction motion, and the load is gradually increased at a certain speed, and the torque is also corresponding. increase. When the load increases to a certain critical value, the torque increases suddenly and sharply, which means occlusion occurs, and this load is called "occlusion critical load". The higher the critical load, the stronger the occlusal resistance.
4) heat softening ability
The softening ability by heat reflects the effect of temperature rise on hardness, deformation resistance and wear resistance of cold work die steel under load. The main indicators to characterize the softening resistance of cold work die steel are softening temperature (℃) and secondary hardening hardness (HRC).
2. Process performance requirements of cold work die steel
The technological performance of cold work die steel is directly related to the manufacturing cycle and manufacturing cost of the die. The technical performance requirements of cold work die steel mainly include forging manufacturability, cutting manufacturability, and heat treatment manufacturability.
1) Forging manufacturability
Forging not only reduces the machining allowance of the mold material and saves steel, but also improves the internal defects of the mold material, such as carbide segregation, reducing harmful impurities, and improving the microstructure of the steel.
In order to obtain good forging quality, the requirements for forgeability are low hot forging deformation resistance, good plasticity, wide forging temperature range, and small tendency for forging cracking, cold cracking and precipitation of network carbides.
2) Cutting technology
The wear is small and the surface of the mold is smooth after processing. Cold work die steel mainly belongs to hypereutectoid steel and ledeburite steel, most of which are difficult to cut. In order to obtain good machinability, correct heat treatment is required. For molds with high surface quality requirements, S, Free-cutting die steel with elements such as Ca.
3) Processability of heat treatment
The heat treatment process mainly includes: hardenability, hardenability, tempering resistance, overheating sensitivity, oxidative decarburization tendency, quenching deformation and cracking tendency.

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